Over the past 50 years, religious beliefs and practices have undergone a major transformation, both in Quebec and in the West. A multitude of religious groups have sprung up, while well-established religions have seen their numbers dwindle. This change in religious beliefs and practices has led to a range of reactions, from curiosity and interest to fear of different or marginal groups.
A controversy also quickly arose, opposing two currents of thought: “pro-cult” and “anti-cult”. For over 30 years now, the study of the sectarian phenomenon has been stimulated by debates around these two ideological currents. And in recent years, publications and symposia have reported on attempts at discussion between “pro-cult” and “anti-cult”.
Nevertheless, communication barriers remain in the research field, depending on whether we focus on the subject’s general experience or on his or her experience of victimization. In addition, social workers do not always know how to take into account the experience of members, former members and their families. As a result, these people feel increasingly isolated and silenced. Many no longer dare to talk about their experiences without risking being branded apologists, madmen, madwomen or victims.
This dossier from Les Cahiers de PV sets out elements for understanding and reflecting on the sectarian phenomenon. It explains various terms and looks at a range of situations to help you understand:
- the experience of people faithful to a belief;
- the conflicts that emerge between these groups and society;
- the victimizing experience of some people.